The Hanscom Family Weblog

On this day…

1360 Treaty of Brétigny signed by English & French
1429 French troops under Joan of Arc rescues Orléans
1450 Jack Cade’s Rebellion-Kentishmen revolt against King Henry VI
1624 Hung king Bethlen Gábor & emperor Ferdinand II sign Treaty of Vienna
1741 France & Bavaria sign Covenant of Nymphenburg
1792 US establishes military draft
1834 Prussia, Austria & Russia sign classified accord about Belgium
1846: U.S. troops under General Zachary Taylor defeated a Mexican force under General Mariano Arista in the Battle of Palo Alto, the first clash of the Mexican War (1846–48).
1861 Richmond VA, is named the capital of the Confederacy
1862 Valley Campaign: Federals repulsed at Battle of McDowell VA
1864 Actions at Stony Creek/Nottoway Bridge VA (Drewry’s Bluff)
1864 Atlanta Campaign: Severe fighting near Dalton
1864 Battle of Antietam VA (Spotslyvania Court House, Laurel Hill). During the American Civil War, Union General Ulysses S. Grant engaged the Confederate forces of General Robert E. Lee at Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia.
1871 English-US treaty ends Alabama dispute
1895 China cedes Taiwan to Japan under Treaty of Shimonoseki
1916 German munitions bunker in Fort Douaumont explodes
1919 1st transatlantic flight take-off by a navy seaplane
1924 Memel territories given to Lithuania
1925 French colonial army beats Rifkabylen in Morocco
1941 German Q-ship Pinguin sinks in Indian Ocean
1942: In the Battle of the Coral Sea, the USS Lexington became the first U.S. aircraft carrier to be sunk during World War II.
1942 German summer offensive opens in Crimea
1943 Admiral Cunningham of British fleet: “Sink, burn & destroy; let nothing pass”
1944 33 communist resistance fighter sentenced to death
1944 U-575 sinks Asphodel
1945 Canadian troops move into Amsterdam
1945 Chinese counter attack at Tsjangte, supports by 14th air fleet
1945 General Von Keitel surrenders to Marshal Zhukov near Berlin 1945: World War II in Europe ended. Following Germany’s unconditional surrender, World War II in Europe officially ended at midnight on this day in 1945, although the war in the Pacific continued until the Japanese surrender in September.
1950 Chiang Kai-shek asks US for weapons
1951 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Enwetak
1958 President Eisenhower orders National Guard out of Central HS, Little Rock
1960 USSR & Cuba resume diplomatic relations
1963 JFK offers Israel assistance against aggression
1967 Muhammad Ali is indicted for refusing induction in US Army
1969 Cambodia recognizes German Democratic Republic
1972 Sabena aircraft at Lod International, Tel Aviv, captured by Palestinians
1984 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1985 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island

On this day…

1345 “Quaden Maendach” in Gent: Battles between volders & weavers
1526 German evangelical monarchy joins Schmalkaldische League
1595 King Philip II names Albrecht of Austria land guardian of Netherlands
1598 France & Spain signs Peace of Vervins
1668 1st peace of Aken: ends French-Spanish war in The Netherlands
1668 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, ends War of Devolution
1703 Portugal signs treaty with England to become a Great Covenant
1776 France & Spain agree to donate arms to American rebels
1808 Uprising against French occupation begins in Madrid
1863 Stonewall Jackson attacks Chancellorsville VA, wounded by his own men; South defeats North
1865 President Johnson offers $100,000 reward for capture of Jefferson Davis
1889: Menilek II of Ethiopia signed the Treaty of Wichale with Italy, granting it territory in northern Ethiopia in exchange for money and weaponry.
1892: Manfred, Freiherr (baron) von Richthofen (the “Red Baron”), Germany’s top aviator and leading ace in World War I, was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland).
1911 French troops occupy Fès El Bali Morocco
1921 Begin 3rd anti-German revolt in Upper-Silesia
1924 Netherlands refuses to recognize USSR
1926 US military intervenes in Nicaragua
1933 In Germany, Adolf Hitler bans trade unions
1934 Nazi-Germany begins People’s court
1941 Martin Bormann succeeds Rudolf Hess as Hitler’s deputy
1941 Nazi occupied Netherlands layoff Jewish journalists
1942 Japanese troops occupy Mandalay Burma
1943 German troops vacate Jefna Tunisia
1945 Allies occupy Wismar
1945 German Army in Italy surrenders
1945 Russia takes Berlin; General Weidling surrenders
1945 Yugoslav troops occupy Trieste
1962 OAS strikes in Algeria
1962 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island
1980 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1982 Falklands War: Argentine cruiser General Belgrano sunk by British submarine Conqueror, killing more than 350 men
1984 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1985 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1992 Yugoslav Army seize Bosnian President Alija Izetbegovic
1995 Serb missiles exploded in the heart of Zagreb, killing six

On this day…

0305 Emperor Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus Jovius of Rome resigns
1528 Pánfilo the Narvaéz begins exploration to with 350 men to Florida
1544 Turkish troops occupy Hungary
1625 Portuguese & Spanish expedition recaptures Salvador (Bahia)
1625 Prince Frederik Henry appointed viceroy of Holland
1703 Battle at Rultusk: Swedish army beats Russians
1707 England, Wales & Scotland form UK of Great Britain
1711 Arch duke Karel of Austria/Hungarian rebellion sign Peace of Szatmar
1715 Prussia declares war on Sweden
1725 Spain & Austria sign trade treaty
1757 Austria & France divide Prussia
1759 British fleet occupies Guadeloupe, West-Indies, on France
1861 Lee orders Confederate troops under T J Jackson to Harper’s Ferry
1862 Union captain David Farragut conquers New Orleans
1863 Battle of Chancellorsville VA (29,000 injured or died)
1863 Battle of Port Gibson, Mississippi
1863 Confederate “National Flag” replaces “Stars & Bars”
1863 Confederate congress passed resolution to kill black soldiers
1864 Atlanta campaign, Georgia
1864 Battle at Alexandria LA (Red River Campaign)
1864 Wilderness campaign
1898: The Battle of Manila Bay ended in the defeat of the Spanish Pacific fleet by the U.S. Navy, resulting in the fall of the Philippines and contributing to the final U.S. victory in the Spanish-American War. George Dewey commands, “You may fire when you are ready, Gridley” as US route Spanish fleet at Manila
1915 German submarine sinks US ship Gulflight
1928 Drunken fascist Erich Wichman attacks VARA-radio transmitter
1931 Norway claims Peter I Island
1934 Austria signs pact with Vatican
1934 Philippine legislature accepts US proposal for independence
1936 Emperor Haile Selassie leaves Ethiopia as Italian invades
1937 FDR signs act of neutrality
1940 140 Palestinian Jews die as German planes bomb their ship
1941 German assault on Tobruk
1942 Radio Orange calls to defy order to wear “Jewish star”
1943 Food rationing begins in US
1943 German plane sinks boat loaded with Palestinian Jews bound for Malta
1943 German Wehrmacht deployed in order to break Dutch strikes
1944 Messerschmitt Me-262 Sturmvogel, first operational jet aircraft (twin-jet fighter), makes 1st flight
1944 Surprise attack on Weteringschans Amsterdam, fails
1945 900 occupiers of Demmin Vorpommeren commit suicide
1945 Admiral Karl Doenitz forms German government
1945 Australian & Dutch troops lands on Tarakan
945 Radio Budapest, Hungary re-enters shortwave broadcasting after WWII
1945 Seys-Inquart flees to Flensburg
1945 Soviet army reach Rostock
1946 Fieldmarshal Montgomery appointed British supreme commander
1948 North Korea proclaims itself People’s Democratic Republic of Korea
1951 600,000 march for peace & freedom in Germany
1958 Ambonese rebellion bombed Ambon/conquer Morotai
1960 Russia shoots down Francis Gary Powers’ U-2 spy plane over Sverdlovsk
1962 1st French underground nuclear experiment in the Sahara
1966 US troops shooting targets in Cambodia
1972 North Vietnamese troops occupy Quang Tri Activities Committee
1984 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1991 Angola’s civil war ends

On this day…

1349 Jewish community at Radolszell Germany, exterminated
1396 Crusaders & earl of Nevers depart from Dijon
1492 Columbus is given royal commission to equip his fleet
1527 England & France sign treaty of Westminster
1563 Jews are expelled from France by order of Charles VI
1650 French rebel Henri de la Tour Turenne signs treaty with Spain
1661 Tsjeng Tsj’eng-Kung begins siege of Dutch fort Zeelandia, Formosa
1725 Emperor Charles VI & King Philip IV of Spain sign Treaty of Vienna
1748 Ceasefire at Aken ends
1748 French troops occupy Maastricht
1790 Colonial troops occupy Bonni’s marroon village
1798 Department of the Navy is established
1838 Nicaragua declares independence from Central American federation
1860 Navaho Indians attack Fort Defiance (Canby)
1861 President Abraham Lincoln ordered Federal Troops to evacuate Indian Territory
1862 Swift Run Gap WV skirmishes
1864 Battle of Jenkins’ Ferry AR; General William Read Scurry is killed
1865 General Shermans “Haines’s Bluff” at Snyder’s Mill VA
1871 Apaches in Arizona surrender to white & Mexican adventurers; 144 die
1900 USA annexes Hawaii
1934 Austria gets “Austrian facist” constitution
1941 Spread of Judaism begins in Croatia
1942 1st submarine built on Great Lakes launched, (Peto), Manitowoc WI
1943 Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp for Jews forms
1943 Dutch strike against forced labor in Nazi Germany’s war industry
1945 Concentration camp München-Allag freed
1945 Lord Haw-Haw calls for crusade against the bolsheviks
1945 Red Army occupies Demmin
1945 Red Army opens attack on German Reichstag building in Berlin
1945 Russian Army frees Ravensbrück concentration camp
1945 US troops attack the Elbe
1945: German dictator Adolf Hitler and his wife committed suicide in a bunker in Berlin.
1962 NASA civilian pilot Joseph A Walker takes X-15 to an altitude of 75,190 meters
1970 US troops invade Cambodia
1975: The South Vietnamese capital of Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City) fell to North Vietnamese troops during the Vietnam War. Last US helicopter leaves US embassy grounds in Vietnam, Saigon surrenders
1980 Terrorists seize Iranian Embassy in London
1982 Iranian offensive in Khusistan
1985 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island

Hirohito, 1982.
© Bettmann/Corbis Hirohito

1429: French national heroine Joan of Arc and her troops entered the besieged city of Orléans during the Hundred Years’ War. Joan of Arc leads Orleans France, to victory over English
1623 11 Dutch ships depart for the conquest of Peru
1628 Sweden & Denmark sign defense treaty against Duke of Wallenstein
1636 Prince Frederik Henry occupies Schenkenschans
1644 Farm leader Li Zicheng becomes emperor of China & flees Peking
1661 Chinese Ming dynasty occupies Taiwan
1781 French fleet occupies Tobago
1781 French fleet stops Britain from seizing the Cape of Good Hope
1856 End of Crimean War
1857 US Army, Pacific Division HQ is permanently established at Presidio (San Francisco)
1861 Maryland’s House of Delegates votes against seceding from Union
1862 100,000 federal troops prepare to march into Corinth MS
1862 New Orleans falls to Union forces during Civil War
1863 Battle of Chancellorville VA (Fredericksburg, Wilderness Tavern)
1864 Skirmish at Jenkins’ Ferry AR begins
1901 Anti semitic riot in Budapest
1916: About 10,000 British troops surrendered to Ottoman Turks at Al-Kut, Iraq, following a five-month siege during World War I.
1926 France & US reach accord on repayment of WWI
1942 Japanese troops march into Lashio, cut off Burma Road
1942 Jews forced to wear a Jewish Star in Netherlands & Vichy-France
1943 Dietrich Bonhöffer arrested by Nazi’s
1943 US 34th Division occupies Hill 609, North Tunisia
1944 Surprise attack by Van de Peat on General Landsdrukkerij in the Hague
1945 1st food drop by RAF above nazi-occupied Holland (operation Manna)
1945 Adolf Hitler marries Eva Braun
1945 Japanese army evacuates Rangoon
1945 Terms of surrender of German armies in Italy signed
1945: The U.S. Seventh Army liberated tens of thousands of inmates at the Nazi concentration camp in Dachau, Germany.1945 Venice & Mestre are captured by the Allies
1946 28 former Japanese leaders indicted in Tokyo as war criminals
1957 1st military nuclear power plant dedicated, Fort Belvoir VA
1964 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1965 Australian government announces it will send troops to Vietnam
1971 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1975 US Forces pull out of Vietnam

On this day…

1296: King Edward I of England, seeking suzerainty over the Scots, invaded Scotland and removed the coronation stone of Scone to Westminster, England.
1518 Treaty of St Truiden anti-French Trapdoors/Bourgondisch covenant
1522 Battle at Bicacca Charles I & Pope Adrianus VI beat France
1526 Mogol King Babur beats sultan of Delhi
1576 Peace of Beaulieu & Paix de Monsieur
1646 King Charles I flees Oxford
1650 Scottish General Montrose defeated
1662 Netherlands & France sign military covenant
1694 Frederik August I “the Strong” becomes monarch of Saksen
1746 Battle at Culloden Moor Duke of Cumberland beats “James VIII & III”
1805 US Marines attack shores of Tripoli
1813 Americans under General Pike capture Toronto; Pike is killed
1857 Establishment of Jewish congregations in Lower Austria prohibited
1860 Thomas J Jackson is assigned to command Harpers Ferry
1861 President Abraham Lincoln suspends the writ of habeas corpus
1861 West Virginia secedes from Virginia after Virginia secedes from US
1863 Battle of Streight’s raid Tuscumbia to Cedar Bluff AL
1865 1450 of 2000 paroled Union POWs on their way home are killed when river steamer “Sultana” explodes on the Mississippi River
1877 President Rutherford Hayes removes Federal troops from Louisiana, Reconstruction ends
1881 Pogroms against Russian Jews start in Elisabethgrad
1890 French troops under Captain Archinard occupy Oussébougou West Sudan
1897 Grant’s Tomb (famed of song & legend) dedicated
1937: Bombing of Guernica. During the Spanish Civil War, the Condor Legion of the German air force, supporting the Nationalists, bombed the Basque city of Guernica on this day in 1937, an event memorialized in Pablo Picasso’s painting Guernica.
1940 Himmler orders establishment of Auschwitz Concentration Camp
1941 German troops occupy Athens Greece
1942 Belgium Jews are forced to wear stars
1943 Soviet Union breaks contact with Polish government exiled in London
1945 Italian partisans capture Mussolini prisoner
1945 US 5th army enters Genua
1948 Arab legion attacks Gesher bridge on Jordan River
1960 1st atomic powered electric-drive submarine launched (Tullibee)
1962 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island
1963 Cuban premier Fidel Castro arrives in Moscow
1967 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1975 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1987 US Justice Department bars Austrian Chancellor Kurt Waldheim from entering US, due to his aid of Nazi Germany during WWII
1989 Beijing students take over Tiananmen Square in China

On this day…

1532 Sultan Suleiman through Hungary on away to Vienna
1814 King Louis XVIII lands on Calais, from England
1828 Russia declares war on Turkey to support Greece’s independence
1865 Battle of Durham Station NC (Greensboro)
1865 Battle of Fort Tobacco VA
1865 Confederate General J E Johnston surrenders Army of Tennessee, at Durham NC
1913 Sun Yet San calls for revolt against President Yuan Shikai in China
1915 Italy secretly signes Pact of London with Britain, France & Russia
1926 Germany & Russia sign neutrality/peace treaty
1933 Jewish students are barred from school in Germany
1937 German Luftwaffe destroys Basque town of Guernica in Spain
1938 Austrian Jews required to register property above 5,000 Reichsmarks
1941 Potatoes rationed in Holland
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Bath
1944 1st B-29 attacked by Japanese fighters, one fighter shot down
1944 Papandreou government in Greece forms
1945 Marshal Henri Philippe Petain, leader of France’s Vichy collaborationist regime during WWII, arrested for treason
1948 The XP-86 prototype for the Sabre Jet first “officially” breaks the sound barrier. The first operational F-86A Sabres entered service in May of the same year
1952 US minesweeper “Hobson” rams aircraft carrier “Wasp”, kills 176
1954 Far Eastern Affairs conference opens in Geneva
1959 Cuba invades Panamá
1961 French paratroopers’ revolt suppressed in Algeria
1968 US underground nuclear test, “Boxcar”, 1 megaton device
1968 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1971 Turkey state of siege proclaimed
1973 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1978 France sends troops to Chad
1980 Iran begins scattering US hostages from the US Embassy
1980 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1982 Argentina surrenders to Britain on South Georgia near Falkland Island
1986 France performs nuclear test

On this day…

1185 Sea battle at Dan-no-ura Minamoto Yoritomo beats Taira-family
1604 Count Maurits’ army lands at Cadzand
1607 Battle at Gibraltar Dutch fleet beats Spanish/Portuguese fleet
1626 Battle at the Dessauer bridge Monarch Albrecht von Wallenstein beats Earl of Mansfeld
1678 French troops conquer Ypres
1707 Battle of Almansa-Franco-Spanish forces defeat Anglo-Portuguese
1861 7th New York arrives to reinforce Washington DC
1861 Battle of Lavaca TX
1862 Admiral Farragut occupies New Orleans LA
1862 Battle of New Orleans LA - US Admiral Farragut occupies New Orleans
1864 Battle of Marks’ Mill AR (Camden Expedition)
1881 French troops occupy Algeria & Tunisia
1898 US declares war on Spain over Cuba
1926 Persian cossack officer Reza Chan crowns himself Shah Palawi
1927 Spain routes 20,000 soldiers to Morocco (uprising Rifkabylen)
1941 Operation Merkur Hitler orders conquest of Kreta
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Bath
1945 46 countries convene United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco CA
1945 Clandestine Radio 1212, used to hoax Nazi Germany’s final transmission
1945 Last Boeing B-17 attack against Nazi Germany
1945 US & Soviet forces meet at Torgau Germany on Elbe River
1945 Allied air raid on Surabaja Java
1945 British troops reach Grebbe line Netherlands
1945 Red army completely surrounds Berlin
1947 Trial against WWII mayor of Amsterdam Edward Voûte begins
1954 British raid Nairobi Kenya (25,000 Mau Mau suspects are arrested)
1954 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Bikini Island
1960 1st submerged circumnavigation of Earth completed (Triton)
1961 France performs nuclear test at Reggane Proving Grounds Algeria
1962 US resumes above ground nuclear testing, at Christmas Island
1971 About 200,000 anti-Vietnam War protesters march on Washington DC
1973 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1975 USSR performs underground nuclear test
1976 Elections in Vietnam for a National Assembly to reunite the country
1977 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1979 Peace treaty between Israel & Egypt goes into effect
1980 Announcement of Jimmy Carter hostage rescue bungle in Iran 1980 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1982 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1982 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1983 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1984 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1985 West German Parliament ruled it illegal to deny the holocaust

On this day…

1185 Battle at Danoura Yoshitsune Minamoto’s fleet beats imperial fleet
1288 Jews of Yroyes France are accused of ritual murder
1311 General Malik Kafur returns to Delhi after campaign in South India
1524 Duke of Bourbon drives Admiral Bonnivet out of Milan
1547 Battle of Mühlberg Emperor Karel V vs ruler Johan F the Brave
1570 Battles between Spanish troops & followers of sultan Suleiman
1596 Pacificatie of Ireland drawn
1762 Russia & Prussia signs peace treaty
1863 Skirmish at Okolona/Birmingham MS (Grierson’s Raid)
1877 Last federal occupying troops withdraw from south (New Orleans)
1877 Russia declares war on Turkey through Romania . War broke out between Russia and the Ottoman Empire at the conclusion of the Serbo-Turkish War, resulting in independence for Serbia and Montenegro.
1898: Spain declared war on the United States. Spain declares war on US rejecting ultimatum to withdraw from Cuba
1898 US fleet under commodore Dewey sails from Hong Kong to Philippines
1910 German Catholic youth movement Quickborn forms
1915 Massacre of Armenians by Turks (Armenian Martyrs Day)
1916: Members of the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army seized strategic points in Dublin during the Easter Rising, which heralded the end of British power in Ireland.
1920 Polish troops attack Ukraine
1941 British army begins evacuation of Greece
1941 Dutch Prince Bernhard becomes an RAF pilot
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Exeter
1944 1st Boeing B-29 arrives in China “over the Hump”
1944 RAF bombs Munich
1949: Communist forces occupied the Chinese capital, Nanking (Nanjing), after crossing the Yangtze River virtually unopposed by adherents to the Nationalist government under President Chiang Kai-shek.
1950 President Harry Truman denies there are communists in US government
1954 1st American, civilian pilot, P R Holden, wounded in Indochina
1954 Australia & USSR break diplomatic relations
1961 JFK accepts “sole responsibility” following Bay of Pigs
1963 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1965 Military coup under Donald Reid Cabral in Dominican Republic
1968 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1969 General Lin Piao succeeds Mao, is seriously wounded
1969 Lebanese army in battle with Palestinians
1969 US B-52’s drop 3,000 ton bombs at Cambodian boundary
1975 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1981 US ends grain embargo against USSR
2003: Officials of North Korea informed U.S. diplomats that it had nuclear weapons and was making bomb-grade plutonium.

On this day…

1014 King Brian Boru of Ireland beats Danes at Battle of Clontarf
1154 Damascus surrenders to sultan Nur ad-Din van Aleppo
1348 1st English order of knighthood founded (Order of the Garter)
1500 Pedro Álvarez Cabral lands & annexes Brazil (Terra da Vera Cruz)
1504 King Maximilian I routes troops to Bavaria
1616 Netherlands buys De Briel/Vlissingen/Fort Rammekens from England
1795 William Hastings acquitted in England of high treason
1826 Missolonghi captured by Turks
1860 Democratic convention in Charleston SC divided over slavery
1861 Arkansas troops seize Fort Smith
1861 Battle of San Antonio TX
1864 Battle of Cane River LA (Red River Expedition, Monett’s Ferry)
1871 Blossom Rock in San Francisco Bay blown up
1891 Jews are expelled from Moscow Russia
1908 Denmark, Germany, England, France, Netherlands & Sweden signs North Sea accord
1918 Battle of Zeebrugge ends
1918 Dover Patrol overthrows Germany U-boat in East Sea
1938 Sudeten Germans in Czechoslovakia demand self government
1941 Greece Army surrenders to German Nazi’s RAF brings Greek king George II to Egypt
1942 4-day allied bombing on Rostock begins
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Exeter
1943 British & US offensive directed at Tunis/Bizerta
1945 Concentration camp Flossenburg liberated
1945 US troops in Italy cross river Po
1949 Chinese Red army conquerors Nanjing
1949 Netherlands annexes Elten & Tudderen
1950 Nationalist China evacuates Hainan Island
1953 General Charles P Cabell, USAF, becomes deputy director of CIA
1974 USSR performs nuclear test at Sary Shagan USSR
1977 Military workers kill 300-500 students in Addis Ababa
1978 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1980 Soviet sub catches fire off Japan, 9 die
1994 Army shoots to death 23-40 fishermen in Gonaives Haiti